I have Type 1 and as others have mentioned, hiking reduces the amount of insulin I need to take significantly. During the day I look at what the activity level will be. Thus if it is a long uphill - then I adjust as I will be burning out all the sugar I take in - for the down hills, I will not be using as much energy and so I need more insulin.
Depending on your level of meds for Type II - you may want to adjust your food to include more complex carbohydrates instead of simple sugar ones as they tend to spike your blood sugar. Things like rice/pop tarts/gatorade have a high glucose component - that is why I like pasta, hummus, nuts, and Accelerade - basically things with complex carbohydrates, protein and fat.
Your evening meal will be your biggest challenge as you will be sediatary and thus not be burning out the sugars you take in. So for me - I take my normal amount of insulin at dinner time.
To cut down on the sugar/insulin spikes - I recommend to munch/nibble as you go. You will keep a steady stream of fuel into your system and keep your blood sugar more level. Definitely check your blood sugar regulary. With Type 1 I can regulate better than someone with Type 2 as I am insulin dependent.
I would not recommend you doing an Atkins/South Beach diet as your body needs to fuel to perform. Above all - do not cut back on your carbohydrate intake - you need the calories to maintain your energy stores.
Do some day hikes and weekenders before you start. This will give you an idea of how your body reacts.
Let me know if I can further help - and don’t let Type 2 restrict you.
-OBM
OregonBeerMan