Hi C-Giddy,
No, on both counts. The A.M.C. huts DO require reservations if you’d like a guaranteed, full-service stay, but you don’t HAVE to stay at them. Generally, most huts offer work-for-stay to the first two thru-hikers who arrive and request that each day. Lakes-of-the-Clouds hut, which is above treeline and just below the summit of Mt. Washington, tries to take in all thru-hikers. They put up more than 20 of us when I was there. Some of us worked, others paid a nominal fee. There’s no guarantee, but some huts took in additional work-for-stays and/or let additional thru-hikers who showed up pay to stay. From what I’ve heard and my experience, Madison Hut at the northern end of the Presidential Range has been the biggest stickler on the work- or pay-for-stay thing. But, again, you CAN camp.
There are certain rules of throw-down camping in the Whites (ie. no camping above treeline, no camping within a quarter-mile of the huts), and, yes, the terrain does limit those options, but everyone I knew when I went through found spots to pitch their tents. There are also shelters and tentsites in thw Whites, and those have caretakers that collect the fees ($6 or $7, I believe) when you show up. Just look ahead at your Thru-Hikers Companion and/or Data Book (I recommend carrying both), and plan your daily miles accordingly. Your average miles per day may very well drop some when you hit the Whites, as the terrain becomes more difficult than most of what you’ll have encountered south of there. And you might sometimes want to stop a bit earlier if you find a good throw-down site and are just about to ascend to a lengthy above-treeline stretch.
As for Baxter, you might want to call ahead from Monson. That’s where the LAST phone is before Baxter State Park. Or, at least it was when I went through. There was no phone at Abol Bridge and the people at White House Landing (off the trail in the 100-mile Wilderness) were no longer allowing hikers to use their cellphone, as they got stuck with some big bills. When I got to Abol Bridge, I hitched a ride about 10 miles, where I was able to use a phone and called the park. But even if you just hike on into the park, I’d think you’d just pay the fee when you get there. At least, I’ve never heard of any thru-hiker having a problem. The park folks are certainly used to thru-hikers and understand that making reservations can be very tricky.
This may be an annoying thing to say, BUT … the Whites and Baxter are a looooong walk away if you’re starting from Springer. I personally wouldn’t be concerned about either of those places until you’re almost there. I “planned” one stretch at a time–three to six days at a shot, generally–and that worked out just fine.
ramkitten
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ramkitten